To download a copy of the review article find it on our Reports page.

On the 23rd August, ZSL hosted a group of 70 Chagossians from Crawley for a family picnic and day out at ZSL London Zoo. The day started with a short introductory talk on ZSL’s marine conservation projects by Dr Heather Koldewey, Head of Global Conservation Programmes. Heather and Rachel Jones, Aquarium Team Leader, then led a series of smaller groups behind the scenes of the Aquarium where they were able to see our breeding programmes for corals, seahorses and many other endangered aquatic species. At the end of the day, Heather said ‘In spite of the rain, we had a really enjoyable day with Chagossians of all ages interested and engaged in our marine conservation work. We hope this is just the start of a number of collaborative initiatives with the Chagossian community to build the marine conservation awareness and capacity that is so important considering the extraordinary marine biodiversity in the Chagos archipelago’. President Allen Vincatassin, of the Provisional Government of Diego Garcia & Chagos Islands (in waiting), said ‘ I am delighted that the ZSL has been able to organise such a visit, which I believe was educative and creating an awareness in our people. I look forward to working with ZSL to protect the rich biodiversity of Chagos together with my people’.

ZSL is part of the Chagos Environment Network (CEN), a group of ten leading conservation and scientific organisations seeking to protect the rich biodiversity of the Chagos Islands and its surrounding waters. The goal of the CEN is to support efforts to ensure that the globally important natural environment of the Chagos Marine Reserve is conserved as a unique and valuable resource for present and future generations. The CEN aims to encourage and, where possible, assist the UK Government and other relevant institutions in the development of a robust, integrated long term conservation framework for the marine reserve.

The trip, which was funded by the British Indian Ocean Territory Administration at the FCO, and CEN members the Chagos Conservation Trust and the RSPB, contributed to the Barton Point Restoration Project, now in its third year. The project aims to remove the invasive coconut palms that have taken over the island and replace them with native barringtonia species and Intsia bijuga trees, a favourite of the archipelago’s red-footed booby population.

To read more about the trip and see photos, please visit the Diego Garcia and Chagos Islands government site, or President Allen Vincatassin’s personal website.

Pete Raines MBE, Founder and CEO of CCC, said: “CEN has worked tirelessly to promote and assist with the successful designation of the Chagos Marine Protected Area: one of the world’s largest and of immeasurable global importance in the conservation of our threatened oceans. Having served for many years on the executive committee of the Chagos Conservation Trust and having had the great privilege to serve as Expedition Manager to Professor Charles Sheppard’s ‘Chagos 2010 Expedition’, I am truly grateful for this opportunity to play an active role with CEN’s vitally important work.”

CCC is a British NGO that uses its pioneering ‘citizen-scientist’ approach for effective ridge-to-reef conservation programmes globally. For further information, see: www.coralcay.org

A New Wave of National Parks

Our ocean frontiers are disappearing, and it is up to us to conserve the most important wild areas that remain.

Laura Bush | Wall Street Journal, 6th June 2011

Our first national park was named not after a mountain or forest but for a mighty river: Yellowstone. For centuries the world’s waters have connected us. Explorers, traders, scientists and fishermen have traveled our oceans and rivers in search of new resources and a greater understanding of the world. This Wednesday, as we mark World Oceans Day, we must intensify our efforts to better understand, manage and conserve our waters and marine habitats if they are to remain a vibrant source of life for future generations.

Great progress has been made in protecting our environment over the past several decades, but too little of that progress addresses 70% of the world’s surface—our oceans. Less than one-half of 1% of the world’s oceans are protected in ways that will ensure they stay wild. Too often overharvesting depletes what should be a lasting bounty of fish. In some parts of the oceans today up to 90% of large fish are gone from natural ecosystems.

Our oceans are also where much of our trash and pollution end up. Plastics and other pollutants difficult to break down are killing fish, turtles and birds. Currents in the Pacific have created a plastic garbage dump twice the size of Texas. A few years ago, I visited Midway Island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and was shocked to find debris killing birds that could not distinguish between plastic refuse and squid.

We are at risk of permanently losing vital marine resources and harming our quality of life. Overfishing and degrading our ocean waters damages the habitats needed to sustain diverse marine populations. Perhaps the most vital function our oceans serve is that of climate regulator—they produce oxygen, reduce pollution, and remove carbon dioxide. If we don’t protect our oceans, we could witness the destruction of some of the world’s most beautiful and important natural resources.

The Rose Atoll in America Samoa is one of four marine national monuments designated by President George W. Bush. (c) Associated Press

Fortunately, Yellowstone offers a blueprint for protecting our oceans. President Ulysses S. Grant created Yellowstone National Park in 1872 at a time when large wild areas on the frontier were at risk. The founding of Yellowstone sparked a 50-year period during which many of the national parks we enjoy today were created. Our country began to see the value of setting aside large territories that would remain wild forever. Our national parks play an outsized role in maintaining healthy and diverse wildlife populations far beyond their boundaries. Many of the elk, deer and wolves seen throughout Western states trace their lineage to populations in Yellowstone.

In the early 1970s, the U.S. established a modest program to conserve some of its most important marine areas, called the National Marine Sanctuary System. In June 2006 and again in January 2009, the U.S. expanded the concept of parkland and wilderness preserves in the sea when President Bush designated four marine national monuments in the Pacific Ocean.

The first of these, the Papah?naumoku?kea Marine National Monument, encompasses a 100-mile wide area of nearly pristine habitat northwest of Honolulu, Hawaii, and was named a Unesco World Heritage site in 2010. A second area, the Marianas Trench Marine National Monument, includes the world’s deepest canyon and is home to some of the oldest and most resilient forms of life on the planet. The other two monuments are the Pacific Remote Islands dispersed throughout the Pacific Ocean and the Rose Atoll in American Samoa.

These four monuments cover more than 330,000 square miles and add up to the largest fully protected marine area in the world, larger than all of our national parks and wildlife refuges combined. They support vast numbers of fish, breathtakingly beautiful coral habitat, and a remarkable abundance of sharks—often seen as markers of an ecosystem’s health.

These monuments will remain open to shipping and other uses that will allow the economies and cultures of nearby American territories to prosper. But they will also remain a wild resource, a place where scientists can make new discoveries and where a variety of species can thrive. The U.S. was able to protect these areas because they fall within the Exclusive Economic Zone that surrounds our territories, and because the U.S. provides the means to manage them.

America is not alone in its efforts to preserve marine treasures. Australia has expanded its protection of parts of the Great Barrier Reef and the United Kingdom announced the designation of the Chagos Islands Marine Reserve in 2010. Dedicated conservation organizations, such as the Pew Environment Group, are sounding the call to action. Their efforts have supported the designation of more than half the world’s protected marine waters.

In the coming years, protecting our oceans will be even more important. Nearly half of the world’s population lives within 60 miles of an ocean, and that percentage will rise as more people settle in coastal communities. Today there are few waters outside the reach of human exploitation. Our wild ocean frontiers are disappearing and, like we did with Yellowstone, it is up to us to conserve the most important wild areas that remain. Doing so will preserve something that is all too easy to destroy but impossible to replace: natural, undisturbed incubators of life.

Mrs. Bush is former first lady of the United States.

You can read the article as it appeared online in the Wall Street Journal here: A New Wave of National Parks

The Chagos islanders have nothing to fear from this marine reserve

Their campaign to return home will not be damaged by protecting the islands’ status

Josh Reichert | The Guardian, Tuesday 7 June 2011

You reported claims that the designation of the Chagos Marine Reserve in the Indian Ocean will prevent Chagossians from returning (A land neglected and decaying, but it’s still our home; Environmentalists warn exiles of ‘delicate balance’, 20 May). We disagree.

As your article says: “The islanders were evicted 40 years ago to make way for an American military base on Diego Garcia.” Since then, the UK has maintained that the Chagossians have no right of abode on the islands. Clearly, their exclusion long predates the establishment of the marine reserve in the waters round the islands in April last year.

The Chagos archipelago is one of the few places in the world’s oceans where the ecosystem remains healthy. This area is biologically critical to the fish and other marine life of the Indian Ocean, upon which millions of people rely for their livelihoods and basic protein. For these reasons, the Pew Environment Group worked with a range of organisations and individuals – including Chagossians – to advocate its establishment as a highly protected marine reserve.

You report that the Mauritian government and others “accuse [Pew] of helping to undermine the Chagossians’ right of return”. We have done no such thing. Our position on Chagossian resettlement was stated clearly in a February 2010 submission to the Foreign Office as part of the public consultation on the reserve. We are aware of the legal challenges brought by Chagossian groups against the UK, but this issue has been in dispute since the 1960s and remains a matter for the UK government to resolve.

We believe the Chagos Islands and their surrounding waters should be protected for the resources and values they have today without prejudice to the outcome of the legal process. If the Chagossians are allowed to return, it is always possible to modify the reserve in order to accommodate their needs.

You report: “More than 150 exiled Chagos islanders … gathered in London … to press for a return … and to discuss the area’s environmental future”. But these Chagossians were not “up against environmentalists.”. Indeed, many Chagossians, including the provisional government of Diego Garcia and the Chagos Islands, support protected status for the archipelago.

The marine reserve will not disadvantage Chagossians. In fact, it will ensure that the spectacular environment of the archipelago will be maintained in the best possible condition, whatever the future may hold. This is to the advantage of those who wish to return, as well as of the world as a whole, which desperately needs better ocean conservation. Many Chagossians support that.

You correctly stated that “the designation [of the marine reserve] delighted some environmentalists”. Today, nearly half the world’s coral reefs are diseased and dying, many fisheries worldwide are in steep decline, and less than 1% of the planet’s marine environment is fully protected from exploitation. Against this bleak seascape, the designation of the Chagos archipelago as the world’s largest fully protected marine reserve is a bright spot we should all celebrate.

You can read the article on the Guardian website here: Response: The Chagos islanders have nothing to fear from this marine reserve

Dear Sir,

I am writing in response to an article published on 21st May 2011 concerning the Chagos Regagné meeting held on 19th May 2011, to clarify the position of the Chagos Environment Network (CEN).

The CEN is a group of scientific and conservation organizations who support the protection of the Chagos Archipelago (on scientific grounds), including the creation of the Marine Protected Area, announced in 2010. The CEN maintains an entirely neutral position on resettlement as this is not within the mandate of the organisations that are members, and no members of CEN have ever opposed resettlement. The Marine Protected Area was declared without prejudice to the results of any judicial proceedings; if the decision, which currently prevents Chagossians from returning to reside on the islands, is overruled in the future, the islands will be conserved in a good condition for their return. Those members of the CEN who are involved in practical conservation work plan to continue to work with Chagossian groups to provide environmental training and support their involvement in the management of the reserve.

Yours sincerely,

Simon Hughes
Secretary, Chagos Environment Network

Much has happened since this designation. A new Government was elected, which undertook a review of many of the decisions taken by the previous Labour Government, including the decision to declare the Chagos Marine Reserve. We are happy that they announced in the autumn of 2010 that they too stood fully behind the decision to establish the Chagos Marine Reserve.

Photo: Yellowfin goat fish (c) Anne & Charles Sheppard

In October, in the House of Commons, Mr Henry Bellingham, the Minister responsible for the Overseas Territories, said “the Government believes that the Marine Protected Area (MPA) proclaimed in the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) on 1 April 2010 by the BIOT Commissioner is the right way forward for furthering the environmental protection of the Territory and for encouraging others to do the same in important and vulnerable areas under their control.”

He further explained that “The BIOT Administration are working on the implementation of the MPA. This includes preparing implementing legislation in BIOT law, enforcement arrangements, establishing administrative and scientific research frameworks, funding, dialogue with interested parties and exploring the opportunities for involving representatives of the Chagossian community in environmental work in the territory.”

Education
The Chagos Conservation Trust, with the active support of Coral Cay Conservation and the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB), has promoted a successful programme of conservation training and practical experience for members of the Chagossian community. So far, this has included two scholarships for one-month of training overseas in coral reef conservation by Coral Cay Conservation, training by RSPB in some of the skills required for island habitat restoration, and a day at an RSPB reserve for a large group of Chagossians. In the coming months, members of the Diego Garcian and Chagossian community in the UK will also have the opportunity to take part in a habitat restoration project at Barton Point on the island of Diego Garcia. The Chagos Conservation Trust aims to take forward this cooperation, and indeed extend it, to other Chagossian groups who want to help conserve the archipelago. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), is keen to ensure that there are opportunities for Chagossians to visit the Territory to engage in environmental, humanitarian and heritage activities.

Photo: Louise and Pascaline, the two coral reef scholars, try out their SCUBA equipment (c) Pascaline Cotte/Coral Cay Conservation

Science
A survey of the Chagos islands was recently undertaken by scientists from the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and by ornithologists. They are developing a systematic method of assisting natural restoration from coconut monoculture to native hardwood trees, and are prioritising islands of the archipelago on which to enhance conservation efforts. The return of native vegetation is occurring naturally, but extremely slowly. Because of conservation measures and a very effective local conservation policy on Diego Garcia, the red-footed booby colony which prefers natural vegetation has already expanded to become the Indian Ocean’s largest colony. Also on Diego Garcia, studies on coconut crabs have shown that the Chagos has the densest population of this species in the world (up to 600 per hectare, many of them huge in size). This is a species which is widely exploited and therefore much rarer on other less-protected islands.

Underwater, the key component for reef building – the corals – has bounced back rapidly following the ocean-wide mortality of 1998, which was caused by ocean warming. Today, the corals appear to be nearly fully recovered and are in an ecologically healthy state. Research has shown that 60-75% of reefs in the Indian Ocean today are either dead or under threat, and Chagos contains now fully half of all reefs in the Indian Ocean that remain in good condition.

Samples to detect chemicals of global concern have been taken and show that Chagos remains amongst the least chemically contaminated marine environments in the world. (Even the presence of the military base in Diego Garcia, close to the marine reserve, where over 100 potential contaminants are routinely searched for, does not affect this). Studies are underway to evaluate climate change impacts, monitor temperature change impacts on the reefs and to look at evidence of past sea levels. This research will help to fill a huge gap in the global monitoring networks. A programme of DNA analyses of key marine species is in the process of clarifying genetic relationships between the Chagos ecosystem and other parts of the Indian Ocean, with results so far showing that clear linkages exist between Chagos and the increasingly damaged and overexploited reefs of the western Indian Ocean.

Photo: Scientist surveying coral off Eagle island (c) Anne & Charles Sheppard

Scientific collaborations in the last few years have allowed work in Chagos to be done by about 30 scientists from numerous institutions worldwide. A new scientific advisory group is currently being formed to guide future management and it is hoped that the first meeting of this group will take place in early 2011. This will establish a shared and rigorous scientific agenda for monitoring and scientific discovery in the reserve.

Only 3% of Chagos has been fully explored, making it a place where groundbreaking scientific discoveries are still being made. The last expedition identified an immense area of seagrass, for example, and a large stand of mangroves, neither of which were previously known. There are 10 endemic species now identified for the Chagos (including the ‘secret mollusc’). The brain coral Ctenella chagius is listed as one of the top 10 species by the Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) Coral Reefs programme, an initiative that uses the expertise of an international group of experts as well as scientific literature to identify the top 10 EDGE coral species globally. A global review identified 86 seamounts and 246 knolls in the Chagos Marine Reserve. As only 2% of the world’s seamounts are under protection, the Chagos is a globally important site.

Photo: Ctenella chagius, the endemic brain coral of the Chagos (c) Anne & Charles Sheppard

Fishing
At the end of October, the last remaining commercial fishing licences expired and therefore all legal fishing ceased. This will allow the pelagic marine ecosystem of the Chagos to develop naturally, one of the very few places in the world where this can happen. A scientific review of the value of Chagos (and other large marine reserves) demonstrated the importance of such reserves for the recovery of pelagic species such as tuna and sharks. Studies undertaken during the last year show that the Chagos had more than 10 times the biomass of fish as comparable areas in the Indian Ocean and Pacific, clearly showing both how important the Chagos reserve is and how damaged by overfishing most other areas of the ocean are. The value of Chagos as a scientific reference site is critical in the light of such ‘shifting baselines’ where the original levels of abundance and diversity are forgotten.

To help make up for the loss of revenue from tuna licences, the Blue Marine Foundation has raised a substantial contribution from the Bertarelli Foundation to support the indispensible enforcement work . All those concerned with Chagos conservation would like to thank the Bertarelli Foundation for this very generous and important support.

Poaching, of course, continues to be an issue as fish stocks decline and overfishing increases elsewhere in the Indian Ocean. However, this is being actively countered by the BIOT Patrol Vessel, which last year arrested 10 vessels engaged in illegal fishing in the reserve.

Legislation
The protection and conservation legislation in place when the Marine Reserve was declared provides the basic legal framework to give the protection needed for the area and ensures that fishing or other damaging activities cannot legally take place. As the scientific and management regimes evolve the BIOT Administration may need to develop additional legislation and procedures as necessary.

Photo: The BIOT Patrol Vessel, the Pacific Marlin, patrols Middle Brother island lagoon (c)Alisdair Harris/Blue Ventures

Looking Ahead
In 2011, the FCO will pursue further outreach activities to neighbouring states in order to explore the opportunities for coordinating environmental protection and enforcement activities across an even wider area of the Indian Ocean.

Although access to the marine reserve will remain limited, already approved scientific research and conservation is increasing. Initiatives are also underway to arrange for the Territory’s environmental wonders to be filmed and so made available to a wider UK and international public.

With financial support from FCO’s OTEP (Overseas Territories Environment Programme) fund and RSPB, Chagos ornithologist Pete Carr has completed a book on the Birds of BIOT, which is currently pending publication. When published, copies can be obtained by visiting www.chagos-trust.org.

The Chagos Marine Reserve has been selected to join the Big Ocean Group of world’s largest marine reserves. The group, which held its first meeting in late 2010, aims to help managers of large-scale marine reserves share experience and discuss how to solve common challenges, such as enforcement.

One year ago, the UK government established the Chagos Marine Reserve in the Indian Ocean, marking an historic victory for global ocean conservation. With this designation, the 55 islands and surrounding waters comprising the Chagos Island archipelago—one of the most remote and unspoiled marine areas on the planet—became the world’s largest no-take marine reserve.

More than 275,000 people from at least 200 countries and territories joined the call from the Chagos Environment Network, Pew’s joint initiative with eight leading conservation and scientific organizations, to protect the Chagos before it is too late.

In the year since the designation, much has been accomplished to ensure that these islands and their surrounding waters will be protected for future generations. These efforts include initiating scientific and conservation projects to restore native vegetation on the islands, ending all legal fishing in the surrounding waters, and launching conservation training for Chagossians.

Alistair Gammell, Global Ocean Legacy’s UK director who oversees our Chagos campaign, reflects on the important role that the Chagos Marine Reserve is playing for global ocean conservation now and into the future.

Q: What is unique about the Chagos Islands and their surrounding waters?

The Chagos is one of those increasingly rare places in our oceans that remains largely undisturbed. With some of the cleanest waters in the world, it contains the largest living coral atoll – the Great Chagos Bank – and almost half of the good quality coral remaining in the Indian Ocean. Its rich and diverse ecosystems provide vital nesting grounds for a healthy population of threatened and endangered green and hawksbill turtles and for more than 175,000 pairs of seabirds. The density of fish in the Chagos far outnumbers other areas of the Indian Ocean, and the islands provide a home for the world’s largest terrestrial arthropod – the coconut crab – in numbers simply not found elsewhere.

Q: Why was the establishment of the Chagos Marine Reserve so critical?

Up to the moment the Chagos was protected, approximately 35,000 tonnes of fish, such as bigeye and yellowfin tuna, were being caught legally in Chagos waters annually, with an additional 20,000 sharks and rays being caught and killed accidentally each year. This massive bycatch happened despite the fact that 70% of the shark and ray species found in the Chagos archipelago are viewed as vulnerable and listed as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The Indian Ocean Tuna Commission, a regional fisheries management organisation through which many countries are supposed to cooperate in the sustainable management of these species in the Indian Ocean, is known as one of the weakest of these regulatory bodies. The Western Indian Ocean is one of the most overexploited seas worldwide. Protection of the Chagos gives important protection to these species from overfishing.

Prior to the establishment of the Chagos reserve, less than 0.3% of the world’s oceans were fully protected in no-take marine reserves. The single act of creating the Chagos Marine Reserve – the world’s largest at 544,000 square kilometers (210,000 square miles) – increased this figure by one-third. We badly need to protect our seas if the life within is to survive and we are to hand a healthy planet to our children. Strictly protected areas are an important part of achieving this. The establishment of the Chagos Marine Reserve increased the percentage of overall protection afforded to our oceans. It is particularly important for the significantly overexploited Indian Ocean, which is bordered by many of the world’s poorest, most fish-dependent countries.

Q: How do very large, highly protected marine reserves, like the Chagos Marine Reserve, compare to national parks on land?

Protected areas such as the Serengeti or Yellowstone National Park are universally recognised as great national and global treasures. But protection of the oceans sadly lags far behind what has been accomplished on land. And we are paying a price. Almost everywhere, marine species are being overexploited and declining at alarming rates. Chagos offers a better way and is a beacon of hope for the oceans. It is well understood that larger is better when it comes to protected areas; large areas provide better protection from the inevitable external influences (particularly climate change, overfishing and pollution) that are wreaking havoc on our world’s oceans. Serengeti or Yellowstone wouldn’t be very effective if they were just a few acres in size, and so it is with marine reserves. The Chagos, by its sheer size, will help to provide truly ecosystem-scale protection to the benefit of all the species that live within its waters and for the peoples dependent on the waters of the Indian Ocean for their livelihoods and protein.

Q: What conservation accomplishments have been reached in the year since the designation, and what plans are there for the future?

Most importantly, on November 1, 2010, the last remaining fishing licences in the Chagos expired, and from that moment all legal commercial fishing ceased. Studies undertaken since April 2010 reveal that the Chagos region is 10 times as rich in fish as comparable habitat elsewhere in the Indian Ocean. This shows both the importance of the Chagos reserve and, sadly, the extensive damage to our oceans from overfishing. The ban on fishing in the Chagos will ensure it stays a super rich ecosystem, helping species to recover and hopefully contributing to the improvement of fish stocks elsewhere in the ocean. A Chagos scientific advisory committee is currently being formed and it is hoped that the first meeting will take place within the next month. This will ensure that the reserve is managed to the highest standards possible and will help establish a shared and rigorous scientific agenda for monitoring and scientific discovery in the reserve.

Additionally, during the summer of 2010, the first practical training of Chagossians in conservation skills was undertaken, with two persons trained in diving and coral reef surveys and one person in chainsaw safety and management. A significant conservation project has been launched to restore native vegetation at the Barton Point reserve on Diego Garcia. In response, the red-footed boobie population – a fascinating seabird that only breeds on tropical islands – has increased, making this now the largest colony for the species in the Indian Ocean. Planned work for the future includes rat eradication on some of the islands, continued monitoring of reef species and exploration of the deep ocean areas on the eastern side of the marine reserve.

Q: How does the Chagos Marine Reserve fit with efforts to create very large, highly protected marine in other parts of the world?

The Chagos Marine Reserve was the third success for the Pew Environment Group’s Global Ocean Legacy project, following the creation of the Papah?naumoku?kea Marine National Monument in 2006 and the Mariana Trench Marine National Monument in U.S. waters in 2009. Together, these reserves account for over half of the world’s ocean under full protection, and make up three of the top five largest marine reserve sites in the world. But though this is an encouraging start, protection of the oceans and sea life lags far, far behind protection on land. Through our ongoing efforts in Australia, New Zealand, Bermuda and elsewhere, we hope to encourage more countries to establish large, highly protected no-take marine reserves throughout the oceans and ensure that truly healthy ecosystems can be handed on to future generations.

And just one last thought – take another look at why the Chagos is so special, and why protecting it and other places like it is so important.

A staggering 275,000 of you, from over 200 countries and territories around the world, joined countless NGOs and scientific organisations to call on the government to create this important reserve. Thanks to your efforts, we have made history.

Protecting places like Chagos – before it is too late – is critical. Currently, less than one–half of one percent of the world’s oceans is safeguarded in no–take marine reserves. More than 15 times as much land receives this kind of protection. Like national parks for our lands, very large, highly protected marine reserves can help ensure healthy oceans for generations to come.

That’s why in 2011, some of the Chagos Environment Network (CEN) members will embark on exciting new projects to protect our oceans. We’ll let you know more about these in the New Year, including how you can get involved.

In the meantime, the work of the CEN is not yet over. The Chagos marine reserve will need robust enforcement and careful monitoring. We’re keen to see active conservation management on the islands too. We’ll continue to work for the best protection possible, and will keep you up to date with the latest news.

Thank you again for your support in this success story for marine conservation.
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